Increases in BP, heart rate greater; reduction in brachial artery diameter greater; and performance on exercise parameters worse for vapers, smokers compared with controls
MONDAY, Nov. 7, 2022 (HealthDay News) — Significant negative effects on cardiovascular function are seen for people who vape, according to two studies based on the cross-sectional Cardiac and Lung E-cig Smoking (CLUES) study and presented at the American Heart Association Scientific Sessions 2022, held from Nov. 5 to 7 in Chicago.
Matthew C. Tattersall, D.O., from the University of Wisconsin in Madison, and colleagues examined differences in cardiovascular and autonomic function responses to use of electronic nicotine delivery devices (ENDS) by chronic ENDS users (vapers), use of combustible cigarettes (smokers), and no product use among nonsmoking/nonvaping controls (164, 117, and 114 participants, respectively). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP), heart rate, brachial artery diameter, and time domain heart rate variability were examined before and 15 minutes after a product use challenge. The researchers found that vapers had greater increases in systolic BP, diastolic BP, and heart rate and had greater reductions in brachial artery diameter compared with controls, as well as greater reductions in root mean square differences in successive normal intervals and percentage adjacent normal intervals >50 ms than controls; values were similar to those of smokers.
Christina M. Hughey, M.D., from the University of Wisconsin in Madison, and colleagues examined whether treadmill stress test outcomes differ for vapers, smokers, and controls in the CLUES study (164, 117, and 114 participants, respectively). Participants completed a symptom-limited Balke treadmill stress test protocol at a mean of 91.3 minutes after vaping, smoking, or resting. The researchers found that compared with controls, vapers had worse performance on all four exercise parameters: peak achieved metabolic equivalents, peak rate-pressure product, heart rate reserve, and 60-second heart rate recovery; values for vapers were intermediate compared with smokers.
“Our findings from the CLUES study raise concerns about the potential harms of chronic use of electronic nicotine delivery systems, particularly for cardiovascular disease,” a coauthor on both studies said in a statement.
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